Researchers from Japan have uncovered a potential connection between a common mouth and gut bacteria and increased stroke risk, suggesting that bacterial composition might play a crucial role in cardiovascular health. The study, to be presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference, reveals that Streptococcus anginosus could be a significant marker for stroke complications and mortality.
In a comprehensive analysis of 250 participants, researchers discovered that Streptococcus anginosus was significantly more abundant in the saliva and gut of acute stroke patients compared to individuals without stroke. The findings indicate that this specific bacterial strain was independently associated with a 20% higher odds of stroke, even after controlling for traditional vascular risk factors.
The two-year follow-up period provided additional critical insights. Stroke survivors with Streptococcus anginosus in their gut demonstrated a significantly higher risk of death and major cardiovascular events compared to those without the bacteria. Conversely, other gut bacteria like Anaerostipes hadrus and Bacteroides plebeius were associated with decreased stroke risk.
Dr. Shuichi Tonomura, the study's lead author, emphasized the potential future implications of these findings. The research suggests that a quick test to detect harmful bacteria in the mouth and gut could help calculate stroke risk more accurately. Moreover, targeting these specific oral bacteria through improved dental hygiene and potential new therapies might become a preventive strategy against stroke.
While the study offers promising insights, researchers caution that the findings are preliminary and based on a relatively small sample of Japanese participants. The oral and gut microbiome is strongly influenced by lifestyle, and bacteria's role in stroke risk may vary across different populations.
The research highlights the complex relationship between oral health, gut microbiota, and cardiovascular risk. Dr. Louise D. McCullough, who was not involved in the study, noted the importance of examining larger groups of people without stroke to better understand how these bacteria relate to stroke risk.
This study contributes to a growing body of research exploring the intricate connections between microbial communities and human health. By revealing how specific bacteria might influence stroke risk, the research opens new avenues for potential prevention and treatment strategies.
