As the holiday season approaches, so does the annual flu season, a time when influenza viruses spread widely and cause significant illness. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, February historically marks the peak of flu activity, but the season can begin as early as October. Health experts are urging the public to take proactive steps now to protect themselves and others.
Dr. Matthew Heller, an associate professor of family medicine at New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, emphasizes that the most effective way to reduce the risk of contracting the flu is to get vaccinated. He recommends that everyone over the age of 6 months receive an annual flu shot, though he advises consulting a physician about any exceptions. “Always talk to your physician about potential exceptions and find out whether the flu vaccine is appropriate for you,” Heller said.
The vaccine works by stimulating the body to develop antibodies that provide protection against the flu virus. Even in seasons when the vaccine is less effective due to virus mutations, it still offers crucial benefits. Vaccination reduces the severity of symptoms, lowers the risk of complications, and decreases hospitalizations and deaths across all age groups. Importantly, Heller notes that the vaccine cannot cause the flu because of how it is developed.
Timing is critical: it takes about two weeks after vaccination for the body to build full immunity. Therefore, getting vaccinated early in the season is essential. Flu symptoms typically include fever, chills, body aches, cough, headache, and fatigue. People often become contagious a few days before symptoms appear and can spread the virus to others. Symptoms usually last about a week.
While most healthy individuals can recover at home with rest and fluids, certain high-risk groups should seek medical advice promptly if they suspect the flu. These groups include adults aged 65 and older, young children, pregnant women, and those with chronic health conditions. Early medical intervention can help prevent serious complications.
Beyond vaccination, Heller highlights other preventive measures to reduce flu transmission. Frequent hand washing, using hand sanitizer, sanitizing high-touch surfaces, avoiding touching the face, steering clear of large crowds, and sneezing into a tissue or elbow are all effective practices.
“The flu spreads easily from person to person,” Heller said. “Remember that getting the flu vaccine will not only protect you but will also protect all those around you. By setting the example, others will follow.” His advice underscores the broader community impact of individual actions in combating seasonal influenza.
