As people age, the risk for eye diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration increases. However, taking proactive steps can help preserve vision and overall eye health. In honor of Healthy Vision Month, the National Eye Institute (NEI) has released eight recommendations to help individuals protect their sight.
One of the most critical steps is finding a trusted eye doctor. Many eye diseases have no early symptoms, making regular checkups essential. NEI recommends asking friends and family for referrals or checking with health insurance plans to locate nearby eye doctors. A dilated eye exam is the single best way to detect eye diseases early, when they are most treatable. The frequency of these exams should be determined by an eye doctor based on individual risk factors.
Physical activity plays a key role in reducing the risk of conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure, which can negatively impact vision. Incorporating movement into daily routines—such as walking while on the phone or stretching during TV time—can help maintain overall health. Diet also matters: eating dark leafy greens like spinach and kale, and fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as salmon and tuna, supports eye health.
Family history is another important factor. Eye diseases like glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration can run in families. Discussing eye health with relatives and sharing that information with an eye doctor can help identify potential risks. Protecting eyes from UV rays is equally vital; sunglasses that block 99-100% of UVA and UVB radiation should be worn even on cloudy days to lower the risk of cataracts.
Managing chronic conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure is crucial, as they can increase the likelihood of developing glaucoma and other eye diseases. For those who smoke, quitting can reduce the risk of macular degeneration and cataracts. NEI suggests creating a plan to quit, as it can improve overall health, including vision.
These tips underscore the importance of integrating eye care into broader health routines. For more information, NEI offers resources and a quiz to test eye health knowledge at nei.nih.gov/hvm. By following these guidelines, individuals can take meaningful steps to protect their vision for years to come.
